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Friends, has this ever happened to you? Trace impurities in otherwise perfect spectra lead to much head-scratching and SI docs labeled "final product_spectrum 5."
The three papers linked to this post should help.
- Nudelman, Gottlieb, Kotlyar - 1997. The one that started it all.
- Fulmer, Miller, Sherdan, Gottlieb, Nudelman, Stoltz, Bercaw, Goldberg. Updated for 2010, with an organometallics bent. Now includes gases!
- Babij, McCusker, Whiteker, Canturk, Choi, Creemer, DeAmicis, Hewlett, Johnson, Knobelsdorf, Li, Lorsbach, Nugent, Ryan, Smith, Yang, 2016. The new kids on the block: greener solvents for process chemistry and scale-up. *Update (23 Feb) - A kind commenter points out that #3 is free to download under the ACS AuthorChoice program. Sweet!
The new chart offers recommendations (colored arrows) based on Chem21 assessments of environmental impact, safety, and toxicity. Shown above are chemical shift tables (1H) in deuterated chloroform, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide. |
If I were joining a synthetic lab this year, or starting an internship / work-study, I'd download 'em all and thumbtack liberally to the back of my bench. Guaranteed utility.
Solvent impurities can come from the weirdest places! The most unlikely I've run across is pipette bulbs - if you have a wet pipette w/bulb that's been sitting around, the bulb gets saturated with solvent vapors. Take the bulb off, put it on a new pipette, make up your NMR sample - hey weird, this reaction never saw ether! And it was on the pump anyway!
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Something that should have been mentioned is that the article is FREE to download under the "ACS AuthorChoice license". That was a nice surprise.
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